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Sunday, 27 May 2018
 

Surat Al-Anaam/Cattle -Meccan –Ayats 165 – Section Eight – Verses 111-129

And even if We had sent down to them angels, and the dead did spoken to them, and We had gathered together all things before their very eyes, they would not have believed (they are not the ones to believe), unless it is in God’s Plan/Will, but most of them ignore (the truth), behave ignorantly. (111) 

وَلَوْ أَنَّنَا نَزَّلْنَا إِلَيْهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ وَكَلَّمَهُمُ الْمَوْتَى وَحَشَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ قُبُلًا مَا كَانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ يَجْهَلُونَ (111)

Likewise We do have appointed/made for every Messenger/Prophet an enemy; evil ones, (devils/Satan) among mankind and Jinn, inspiring each other with flowery discourses by way of deception. If your Lord had so willed/ planned, they would not have done it; so leave them and their calumnious/slanderous inventions alone. (112)  

وَكَذَلِكَ جَعَلْنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا شَيَاطِينَ الْإِنْسِ وَالْجِنِّ يُوحِي بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ زُخْرُفَ الْقَوْلِ غُرُورًا وَلَوْ شَاءَ رَبُّكَ مَا فَعَلُوهُ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا يَفْتَرُونَ (112)

To such (deceit) let the hearts of those incline, those disbelievers, who have no faith in the Hereafter, let them delight and be pleased in it, and let them commit what they are committing all what they may (of sinful and evil deeds). (113)

وَلِتَصْغَى إِلَيْهِ أَفْئِدَةُ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآَخِرَةِ وَلِيَرْضَوْهُ وَلِيَقْتَرِفُوا مَا هُمْ مُقْتَرِفُونَ (113)

Say:[O’ Muhammad PPBUH]”shall I seek for judge other than God?! When it is He Who has sent down to you the Book (the Qur’an), explained in detail”. And to those to whom We have given the Book/Scripture (the Torah and the Gospel) know that it is revealed from your Lord in truth. So then never be of those who doubt. (114)

أَفَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَبْتَغِي حَكَمًا وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْكِتَابَ مُفَصَّلًا وَالَّذِينَ آَتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ مُنَزَّلٌ مِنْ رَبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ (114)

And the word of your Lord does found its fulfillment in truth and in justice; none can change His words. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower. (115)

وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلًا لَا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ (115)

And if you follow –in obedience- the common run of those on earth, they will mislead you far away from the Way and Path of God. They follow nothing but conjectures, and they do nothing but lie. (116)

وَإِنْ تُطِعْ أَكْثَرَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ يُضِلُّوكَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِنْ يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا الظَّنَّ وَإِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَخْرُصُونَ (116)

Verily, your Lord, it is He Who knows best who strays from His Way, and He Knows best the rightly guided and receive His Guidance. (117)

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مَنْ يَضِلُّ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ (117)

So eat of that (meat) on which God’s name has been pronounced (while slaughtering the animal); if you are believers and have faith in His Signs (proofs/evidences/verses/revelations etc…) (118)

فَكُلُوا مِمَّا ذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ بِآَيَاتِهِ مُؤْمِنِينَ (118)

And why should you not eat of (Meat) on which God’s Name has been pronounced (at the time of slaughtering the animal), when He has explained to you in detail what is forbidden to you –except under compulsion under necessity? And surely, many mislead (mankind) astray by their appetites / desires through the lack of knowledge. Certainly your Lord knows best the transgressors. (119)

وَمَا لَكُمْ أَلَّا تَأْكُلُوا مِمَّا ذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَقَدْ فَصَّلَ لَكُمْ مَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا مَا اضْطُرِرْتُمْ إِلَيْهِ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا لَيُضِلُّونَ بِأَهْوَائِهِمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُعْتَدِينَ (119)

Eschew/leave (O’ mankind all kinds of) sin, open or secret. Verily, those who commit sin will get due recompense for what they used to commit/their “earnings”. (120) 

وَذَرُوا ظَاهِرَ الْإِثْمِ وَبَاطِنَهُ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْسِبُونَ الْإِثْمَ سَيُجْزَوْنَ بِمَا كَانُوا يَقْتَرِفُونَ (120)

Don’t eat (meat) of which God’s name has not been pronounced on it (at the time of slaughtering); for sure that would be impiety. And certainly the devils ever inspire their friends (from mankind) to dispute and contend with you. And if you were to obey them (by making lawful eating the dead animal –the cadaverous), then you would indeed be idolaters/polytheists. (121)  

وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا مِمَّا لَمْ يُذْكَرِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّهُ لَفِسْقٌ وَإِنَّ الشَّيَاطِينَ لَيُوحُونَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَائِهِمْ لِيُجَادِلُوكُمْ وَإِنْ أَطَعْتُمُوهُمْ إِنَّكُمْ لَمُشْرِكُونَ (121)

Can he who was dead (without Faith by ignorance and disbelief), and to whom We gave life (by knowledge and Faith) and set for him a Light (of belief) whereby he can walk amongst men; be like him who is in the depths of darkness (of disbelief, polytheism and hypocrisy) from which he can never come out? Thus to those disbelievers who are without Faith, their own deeds are made fair-seeming and pleasant. (122)  

أَوَمَنْ كَانَ مَيْتًا فَأَحْيَيْنَاهُ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُ نُورًا يَمْشِي بِهِ فِي النَّاسِ كَمَنْ مَثَلُهُ فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ لَيْسَ بِخَارِجٍ مِنْهَا كَذَلِكَ زُيِّنَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ (122)

And thus We have set up in every town the great leaders of its wicked people to plot therein. But they only plot against their own souls/selves and they do not perceive it. (123)

وَكَذَلِكَ جَعَلْنَا فِي كُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ أَكَابِرَ مُجْرِمِيهَا لِيَمْكُرُوا فِيهَا وَمَا يَمْكُرُونَ إِلَّا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَمَا يَشْعُرُونَ (123)

And when there comes to them a Sign (from God) they say:”we shall not believe until we receive the one (exactly) like those received by the Messengers of God.” God knows best to whom, and where (and how) to place (and carry) His Message. Soon humiliation and disgrace from God and severe punishment/torment will overtake the wicked/criminals (polytheists and sinners) for all that they used to plot. (124)   

وَإِذَا جَاءَتْهُمْ آَيَةٌ قَالُوا لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ حَتَّى نُؤْتَى مِثْلَ مَا أُوتِيَ رُسُلُ اللَّهِ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ حَيْثُ يَجْعَلُ رِسَالَتَهُ سَيُصِيبُ الَّذِينَ أَجْرَمُوا صَغَارٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَعَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ بِمَا كَانُوا يَمْكُرُونَ (124)

And whomsoever God (in His Plan) Wills to guide, He will opens his breast to Islam; and whomsoever He wills to leave astray, He makes his breast closed and constricted, as if he is climbing up to the sky. Thus God (heaps) the wrath and penalty on those who refuse and reject Faith/disbelief. (125)  

فَمَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَهدِيَهُ يَشْرَحْ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ وَمَنْ يُرِدْ أَنْ يُضِلَّهُ يَجْعَلْ صَدْرَهُ ضَيِّقًا حَرَجًا كَأَنَّمَا يَصَّعَّدُ فِي السَّمَاءِ كَذَلِكَ يَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ الرِّجْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ (125)

And this is the Path/Way of your Lord (the Qur’an and Islam) leading straight. We have detailed Our Revelations (the Signs) for those people who receive admonition and take heed. (126)

وَهَذَا صِرَاطُ رَبِّكَ مُسْتَقِيمًا قَدْ فَصَّلْنَا الْآَيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَذَّكَّرُونَ (126)

For them will be a Home of Peace (Paradise) in the presence o their Lord; and He will be their helper/ protector/friend, because of what they used to practice (righteousness). (127)  

لَهُمْ دَارُ السَّلَامِ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ وَهُوَ وَلِيُّهُمْ بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ (127)

And on the Day when He will gather them all together (and say):”O’ you assembly of Jinn! Much (toll) did you mislead of men.” Their friends amongst men will say:”Our Lord! We have made profit from each other; but (alas) we reached our term which You have appointed for us.” He Will say:”The Fire will be your dwelling-place; you will dwell therein forever, except as God may Will. Certainly your Lord is full of wisdom and knowledge- All-Wise, All-Knowing. (128)

وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعًا يَا مَعْشَرَ الْجِنِّ قَدِ اسْتَكْثَرْتُمْ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ وَقَالَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُمْ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ رَبَّنَا اسْتَمْتَعَ بَعْضُنَا بِبَعْضٍ وَبَلَغْنَا أَجَلَنَا الَّذِي أَجَّلْتَ لَنَا قَالَ النَّارُ مَثْوَاكُمْ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ (128)

And thus We do make the iniquitous/tyrants (polytheists and wrongdoers) turn to each other (as helpers and supporters) of one another because of what they used to earn. (129)

وَكَذَلِكَ نُوَلِّي بَعْضَ الظَّالِمِينَ بَعْضًا بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ (129)

HADEETH SHARIF: (1- Verse 121)- Narrated by Ahmed, Al-Tirmizi and Ibn Jareer: Once while God’s Messenger [PPBUH] was reciting the verse (31 from Surat Al-Tauba 9), and bin Hatim Said:”O’ God’s Messenger! They do not worship them (i.e. Rabbis and Monks).” God’s Messenger [PPBUH] said:”they certainly do. They (i.e. Rabbis and Monks) made lawful  things as unlawful, and unlawful things as lawful, and they (i.e. Jews and Christians) followed them; and by doing so, they really worshipped them.           (2- Verse 125) If God wants to do good to a person, He makes him comprehend the religion [the understanding of the Qur’an and the (Sunna) legal ways of the Prophet [PPBUH]. Narrated Mu’awiyah in (Friday Khutba) oration; I heard God’s Messenger [PPBUH] saying:”If God wants to do good to a person, He makes him comprehend the religion[the understanding of the Qur’an and the Sunna], I am just a distributor, but the grant is from God. And remember that, this nation (true Muslims, real followers of Islam Monotheism) will remain obedient to God’s Orders (i.e. following strictly God’s Book –the Qur’an- and the Prophet’s Sunna (Legal Ways) and they will not be harmed by anyone who will oppose them (going on different path) till God’s Order (Day of Judgment) is established. Saheeh Al-Bukhary.
COMMENTARY VERSES 111-140:   
(INTRODUCTION VERSES 111-129): Those in obstinate rebellion against God are merely deceived and deceive each other. Leave them alone, but trust and obey God openly and in the inmost recesses of your heart. The plots of the wicked are but against their own souls.
(Verse 111)- The most stupendous miracles –even according to their ideas- would not have convinced them. If the whole pageant of the spiritual world were brought before them, they would not have believed, because they –of their own choice and will- refuse knowledge and faith.
(Verse 112)- What happened in the history of the Holy Prophet [PPBUH] happens in the history of all righteous men who have a Message from God. The spirit of evil is ever active and uses men to practice deception by means of highly embellished words and plausible excuses and objections. God permits these things in His Plan. It is not for us to complain. Our faith is tested, and we must stand the test steadfastly.
(Verse 113)- People who have no faith in the future destiny of man may listen to and be taken in by the deceit of evil. If they have a delight in, let them. See what they gain by it. Their gains will be as deceitful as their delight. For the end of evil must be evil.
(Verses 114-118)- The righteous man seeks no other standard of judgment but God’s Will. How can he –when God in His Grace has explained His Will in the Qur’an, with details which men of every capacity can understand? The humblest can learn lessons of the right conduct in daily life, and the most advanced can find the highest wisdom in its spiritual teaching, enriched as it is with all kinds of beautiful illustrations from nature and the story of man.
(Verses 119-121)- When a clear law has explained what is lawful and unlawful in food, it is wrong to raise fresh scruples and mislead the ignorant.
(Verses 122-123)- Here is an allegory of the good man with his divine mission and the evil man with his mission of evil. The former –before he got his spiritual life- was like one dead. It was God’s grace that gave him spiritual life, with a Light by which he could walk and guide his own footsteps as well as the footsteps of those who are willing to follow God’s Light. The opposite type is that which hates God’s light, which lives in the depths of darkness, and which plots and burrows against all that is good. But the plots of evil recoil on itself, although it thinks that they will hurt the good. Can these two types be for a moment compared with each other? Perhaps the lead in every centre of population is taken by the men of evil. But the good men should not be discouraged. They should work in righteousness and fulfill their mission.
(Verse 124)- Besides the teaching in God’s word, and the teaching in God’s world, of nature and history and human contacts, many Signs come to the men of God, which they humbly receive and try to understand; and many Signs also come to the ungodly ignorant in the shape of warnings or otherwise, which the ungodly either do not need, or deliberately reject. The Signs in the two cases are not the same, and that becomes one of their perverse arguments against Faith. But God’s working will be according to His own Will and Plan, and not according to the wishes of the ungodly.
(Verses 125-126-127)- God’s Universal Plan is the (Al-Qada’a  wa-Al-Qadar= FATE AND DIVINE DECREE), which is so much misunderstood. That Plan is unalterable, and that is His Will. It means that is the spiritual world –as in physical world- there are laws of justice, mercy, grace, penalty, etc., which work as surely as anything we know. If, then, a man refuses Faith, becomes a rebel, with each step he goes further and further down, and his pace will be accelerated; he will scarcely be able to take spiritual breath, and his recovery –in spite of God’s Mercy which he has rejected- will be as difficult as if he had to climb up to the skies. On the other hand, the godly will find –with each step- the next step easier. Jesus expressed this truth paradoxically:{The person that has something, will receive more. But the person that does not have [much] will lose even the little amount he has- Mark iv-25 and makes Jesus say {That why I said, ‘If the Father does not let a person come to me, then that cannot come to me,- John vi- 65}.
(verse 128) A/ Jinn are spirits; here are evil spirits. See verse 100 and commentary. B/ It is common experience that the forces of evil makes an alliance with other, and seem thus to make a profit by their mutual log-rolling. But this is only in this material world. When the limited term expires, their unholy bargains will be exposed, and there will be nothing but regrets. C/ Eternity and infinity are abstract terms. They have no precise meaning in our human experience. The qualification “EXCEPT AS GOD WILLS” , makes it more intelligible, as we can form some idea –however inadequate- of a Will and Plan, and we know God by His attribute of Mercy as well as Justice.
(Verse 129)- As explained before, evil consorts with evil, because of their mutual bargains. But in doing so they save the righteous from further temptations.