Welcome by the Lantern Who Illuminated the Universe (Episode Seven – Glorification to the Prophet)
All praise is due to God; and blessings and peace be upon His Messenger and servant Muhammad Al-Mustapha [PPBUH], and upon his family and companions and whoever follows his guidance until the of Resurrection.
Nowadays we are inhaling the aroma of the descending blessings of the coming celebrations festivals of (Al-Mawled Al-Nabawi Al-Sharif) the anniversary occasion of the birth of our Master Muhammad Al-Mustafa PPBUH. (Al-Mawlid is a sufficient word to all Sudanese, because there no other Mawlid than; Mawlid Al-Rasoul salla Allahu Alayihi wa-sallam).
As a highly graded tradition we are -the Sudanese- are celebrating Al-Mawlid festivals for a consecutive twelve days.
we would like to gain the honor of participation in this season by bringing up the phenomenon and some of the events in the universe which, if we look deeply into it, it tells us about the role our Messenger and Prophet, our master Muhammad Al-Mustafa (PPBUH) and his Message he promulgated, which are revealed in the Qur’an accompanied by some commentaries –if God Wills.
This episode is about the Believers, who must cultivate refined respect to the Prophet [PPBUH], and this is also compulsory in their social and spiritual life; and the opposite of the Believers are the Hypocrites.
A/The as good news-glad tidings- and warning, has been revealed in verses 53-59- Surat Al-Ahzab 33, on refinement and respect which is the character of the Muslim:
O’ you who believe! Do not enter the Prophet’s [PPBUH] houses, unless permission/leave is given to you for a meal, (and then) not (as early as) to wait for its preparation. But when you are invited enter, and when you have taken your meal, disperse without seeking familiar talk. Verily, such (behavior) annoys the Prophet, and he is shy of (asking) you (to go- dismiss), but God is not ashamed (to tell you) the truth. And when you ask (his wives) for anything you want, you should ask them from behind a screen, that is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. Nor it is right for you should annoy God’s Apostle, or that you should marry his widows after him (after his death) at any time. Truly such a thing is an enormity in God’s sight. (53) |
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آَمَنُوا لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ وَلَكِنْ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ فَادْخُلُوا فَإِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانْتَشِرُوا وَلَا مُسْتَأْنِسِينَ لِحَدِيثٍ إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ يُؤْذِي النَّبِيَّ فَيَسْتَحْيِي مِنْكُمْ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَسْتَحْيِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَإِذَا سَأَلْتُمُوهُنَّ مَتَاعًا فَاسْأَلُوهُنَّ مِنْ وَرَاءِ حِجَابٍ ذَلِكُمْ أَطْهَرُ لِقُلُوبِكُمْ وَقُلُوبِهِنَّ وَمَا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَنْ تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلَا أَنْ تَنْكِحُوا أَزْوَاجَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ أَبَدًا إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَظِيمًا (53) |
Whether you reveal anything, or conceal it, verily, God is Ever All-Knower of everything/ has full knowledge of all things. (54) |
إِنْ تُبْدُوا شَيْئًا أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمًا (54) |
there is no blame (on these ladies if they appear) before their fathers or their sons, their brothers, or their brother’s sons, or their sister’s sons, or their women, or the (slaves) whom their right hand possess, and (ladies) fear God. Verily, God is Ever All-Witness over all and everything. (55) |
لَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِنَّ فِي آَبَائِهِنَّ وَلَا أَبْنَائِهِنَّ وَلَا إِخْوَانِهِنَّ وَلَا أَبْنَاءِ إِخْوَانِهِنَّ وَلَا أَبْنَاءِ أَخَوَاتِهِنَّ وَلَا نِسَائِهِنَّ وَلَا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُنَّ وَاتَّقِينَ اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدًا (55) |
God and His Angels send blessings on the Prophet [Muhammad PPBUH]: O’ you who believe! Send your blessings on him, and salute (greet) him with all respect. (56) |
إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آَمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا (56) |
Verily, those who annoy God and His Apostle, God have cursed them in this world and in the Hereafter, and have prepared for them a humiliating Punishment/torment. (57) |
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآَخِرَةِ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ عَذَابًا مُهِينًا (57) |
And those who annoy believing men and women undeservedly, they bear (on themselves) a calumny and glaring sin. (58) |
وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ بِغَيْرِ مَا اكْتَسَبُوا فَقَدِ احْتَمَلُوا بُهْتَانًا وَإِثْمًا مُبِينًا (58) |
O’ Prophet! Tell your wives and daughters, and the believing women, that they should cast/draw their outer garments/cloaks over their bodies/persons (when abroad): that is most convenient, that they should be known (as such -free respectable women) and not molested. And God is Ever Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. (59) |
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لِأَزْوَاجِكَ وَبَنَاتِكَ وَنِسَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُدْنِينَ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ جَلَابِيبِهِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَنْ يُعْرَفْنَ فَلَا يُؤْذَيْنَ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا (59) |
Believers should cultivate refined respect in their social and spiritual life. As the Mothers of the Faithful have to uphold their dignity, so should all women protect their honor and uphold their dignity. The Hour will come when all Evil will be punished. Then fear God, and always speak the word that leads to Right. Arduous is the Quest of Mankind’s high and noble Destiny beyond the reach of other creatures. Let man but strive in Faith, and fulfill God’s Trust; by the Teachings of the Apostle Muhammad Al-Mustapha [PPBUH] and the Grace and Mercy of God.
(Verse 53)- 1/ the rules of refined social ethics; it is as necessary to each to-day as it was with the rude Arabs whom the Holy Prophet [PPBUH] had to teach in his day. Those mentioned in this verse may be briefly recapitulated thus: (1) Do not enter a friend’s house without permission; (2) If invited to dine, don’t go too early; you are asked to dine, not to wait for the preparation of the food; (3) Be there at the time appointed, so that you enter when you are expected and invited; (4) After the meal, don’t get familiar with your hosts, especially if there is a great distance between him and you; (5) Don’t waste time in tittle-tattle, causing inconvenience and perhaps annoyance to your host; (6) Understand what is proper behavior for you, he may be too polite to ask you to depart. All this has spiritual as well as social bearing: respect and delicate consideration for others are among the highest virtues. 2/ the actual manner of showing respect to ladies may be differs in different circumstances. But it is an essential principle of good society to show the greatest deference to them. To the “Mothers of the Believers”, this respect was due in an exceptional degree. 3/ considering his position, the holy Prophet [PPBUH] deserved to be respected before all other men and nothing should be done to cause him the least harm and annoyance. This applied –not only during his life-time- but it applies now, because his teaching and personality are alive to us. It was not fitting that his widows –both for their own position and for the position of the Prophet [PPBUH] - should be married by other men after him. And this mark of respect was duly observed in history. 4/ “Annoy”:AZA; may equally mean: to vex, to cause hurt or injury, to insult, to ill-treat by slander or unseemly conduct, or hurt the feelings of some one. The Prophet [PPBUH] came with a divine mission to teach and reclaim the world, and he is entitled to the respect of all, even of who do not consciously acknowledge his mission, for his mission works constantly like the forces of nature. {Mothers of the Believers are also entitled to respect}.
(Verses 54+57)- Respect or opposition may be shown overtly or in devious hidden ways. All good and evil are open before God, and He will take due account of everything.
(Verse 55)- This refers back to the Hijab (screen) portion of verse 53 above. The list of those before whom the Prophet’s [PPBUH] wives could appear informally without a screen is their fathers, sons, brothers, brothers’ or sisters’ sons, serving women, and household slaves or servants. Commentators include uncles (paternal and maternal) under the heading “fathers”. “Their women” is held to mean all women who belonged to the Muslim community; other women were in the position of strangers, whom they received not so intimately, but with the formality of a screen as in the case of men. Compare with this list and the wording here the list and the wording in Surat Al-Nour 24 verse 31, which applies to all Muslim women. In the list here, husbands and husbands’ relatives are not necessarily to be mentioned, as we are speaking of a single household, that of the central figure in Islam; nor men-servants nor children, as there were none. In the wording, note that for Muslim women generally, there is no screen or Hijab is mentioned, but only a veil to cover the bosom, and modesty in dress. The screen was a special feature of honor for the Prophet’s [PPBUH] household, introduced about five or six years before his death.
(Verse 56)- God and His angels honor and bless the holy Prophet [PPBUH] as the greatest of men. We are asked to honor and bless him all the more because he took upon himself to suffer the sorrows and afflictions of this life in order to guide us to God’s Mercy and the highest inner Life.
(Verse 58)- In Surat Al-Nisa’ 4 verse 112, in that passage we were told that anyone who was himself guilty but accused an innocent man of his guilt, was obviously placing himself in double jeopardy; first, for his own original guilt, and secondly for the guilt of a false accusation. Here we take two classes of men instead of two individuals. The men and women of faith (if they deserve the name) and doing all they can to serve God and humanity. If they are insulted, hurt, or annoyed by those whose sins they denounce, the latter suffer the penalties of a double guilt, i.e. their sins to start with, and the insults or injuries they offer to those who correct them. Instead of resenting the preaching of Truth, they should welcome it and profit by it.
(Verse 59)- 1/this is for all Muslim women, those of the Prophet’s [PPBUH] household, as well as the others. The times were those of insecurity (see next verse), and they were asked to cover themselves with outer garments when walking abroad. It was never contemplated that they should be confined to their houses like prisoners. 2/Julbab: plural = Jalabib: an outer garment; a long gown covering the whole body, or a cloak covering the neck and bosom. 3/the object was not to restrict the liberty of women, but to protect them from harm and molestation under the conditions then existing in Al-Medina. In the East and the West a distinctive public dress of some sort or another has always been a badge of honor or distinction, both among men and women. This can be traced back to the earlier civilizations. Assyrian Law in its palmist days (say 7th century B.C.), enjoined the veiling of married women and forbade the veiling of slaves and women of ill fame: see Cambridge Ancient History. 4/this rule was not absolute; if for any reason it could be observed: “God is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful”.
B/ for the hypocrites and the ill mongers of ill conduct see verses of 60-63:
Truly, if the hypocrites, and those in whose hearts is a disease, and those who stir up sedition in the City, do not desist, We shall certainly stir you up against them, to over- power them, then they will not be able to stay in it as your neighbors for any length of time, but for a little while. (60) |
لَئِنْ لَمْ يَنْتَهِ الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَالَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ وَالْمُرْجِفُونَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ لَنُغْرِيَنَّكَ بِهِمْ ثُمَّ لَا يُجَاوِرُونَكَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (60) |
Accursed, they shall be seized wherever they are found, and will be taken and slain/killed (without mercy).(61) |
مَلْعُونِينَ أَيْنَمَا ثُقِفُوا أُخِذُوا وَقُتِّلُوا تَقْتِيلًا (61) |
(Such was) the habitual practice/(approved) of God among those who lived aforetime; and you will not find any change in the Habitual practice (approved) of God.(62) |
سُنَّةَ اللَّهِ فِي الَّذِينَ خَلَوْا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا (62) |
(Verse 60)- It was necessary to put down all kinds of unseemly conduct in the Prophet’s [PPBUH] City. And here is the warning in the plainest terms. And the warning had its effect. The “Hypocrites” were men who pretended to be in Islam but whose manners and morals were anti-Islamic. Those “with diseased hearts” may have been the ones that molested innocent women. “Those who stirred up sedition” put false rumors in circulation to excite the crowd. Alas! We must ask ourselves the question: “Are these conditions present among us to-day?”
(Verse 61)- They will be deprived of the blessing and guidance of God. They sought to cause disorder in God’s world-moral as well as material; but they will themselves be destroyed. Those who become outlaws, rebels against the Law, will themselves be destroyed by the Law. Capital punishment is the only adequate punishment for treason and crimes of sustained concerted violence, for the protection of the hearts and homes of innocent citizens and the honor of their women.
(Verse 62)- The Jewish Law was much more severe (see verse 26). That severity is mitigated in Islam. But it is a universal principle that any element which deliberately refuses to obey law and aggressively tries to subvert all order in society, secretly and openly, must be effectively suppressed, for the preservation of the life and health of the general community.
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